Lavenham, Suffolk, England, UK
Lavenham[1] is a village, civic parish and electoral ward in the Babergh district, in the county of Suffolk, England. It is noted for its Guildhall, Little Hall, 15th century church, half-timbered medieval cottages and circular walks. In the medieval period it was among the twenty wealthiest settlements in England. Today, it is a popular day-trip destination for people from across the country along with another historic wool town in the area, Long Medford. Lavenham History .. see Note 1.
John Fuller of Newton is directly linked to the town of Lavenham, Suffolk, England, UK. We have not found the birth record of John Fuller of Newton and he was likely not born in Lavenham. However, his father John was born in Lavenham in 1563 to James Fuller, John of Newton’s grandfather. John has the following links to Lavenham:
First, his wife Elizabeth Cole, was born in Lavenham and baptized in the Parish Church on 1 Jan 1622/3. We know the Cole family lived in the town as we have the baptism records for all the children as well as the burial record for her father, Walter and mother Susanna (Northfield) which indicate they were buried in the churchyard of St Peter and St Paul Parish Church in Lavenham. Baptism Record
Secondly, John of Newton fits into the family of James Fuller, who lived in Lavenham and died there in 1622 and was likely John’s grandfather. We know that James had a son ‘John’ b. 1563 in Lavenham who married Anne Gates born 5 April 1573 in Lavenham. An analysis of James’ Will shows the likely link. Who is James Fuller.
Thirdly, John of Newton emigrated from Lavenham Parish to Cambridge, Massachusetts (no date given) according to Charles Edward Banks.[3]
Fourthly, There is an interesting sketch of Frances, the mother of Simon Onge in the NEHGS’s Great Migration 1620-1633, page 1360, which describes her family from Lavenham and their circumstances. Simon’s father, Edmond Onge, was a witness to the Will of James Fuller. It is logical that John Fuller of Newton settled in Newton, Massachusetts as not only was the Onge family from Lavenham, but also the Hammond family, who settled in Watertown and Newton as well as Justinian Holden who likely married one of the Onge daughters, all from Lavenham. There is a Hammond Street in Newton, named after Thomas Hammond who was also from Lavenham. John of Newton obviously knew Simon Onge, who was born in Lavenham, when John gave Simon some 20 acres to live on during his life. Who was Simon Onge.
Domesday Book[2] Lavenham was a settlement in Domesday Book, in the hundred of Babergh and the county of Suffolk.
It had a recorded population of 66 households in 1086, putting it in the largest 20% of settlements recorded in Domesday, and is listed under 3 owners[2] in Domesday Book.
Notes:
1. Wikipedia; Lavenham; July 28, 2020
History of Lavenham
Before the Norman conquest, the manor of Lavenham had been held by the thegn Ulwin or Wulwne. In 1086 the estate was in the possession of Aubrey de Vere I, ancestor of the Earls of Oxford. He had already a vineyard planted there. The Vere family continued to hold the estate until 1604, when it was sold to Sir Thomas Skinner.
Lavenham prospered from the wool trade in the 15th and 16th century, with the town’s blue broadcloth being an export of note. By the late 15th century, the town was among the richest in the British Isles, paying more in taxation than considerably larger towns such as York and Lincoln. Several merchant families emerged, the most successful of which was the Spring family.
The town’s prosperity at this time can be seen in the lavishly constructed wool church of St Peter and St Paul, which stands on a hill top at the end of the main high street. The church, completed in 1525, is excessively large for the size of the village and with a tower standing 141 ft (43 m) high it lays claim to being the highest village church tower in Britain. Other buildings also demonstrate the town’s medieval wealth; the Lavenham Wool Hall was completed in 1464.
The Guildhall of the catholic guild of Corpus Christi was built in 1529 and stands in the centre of the village overlooking the market square. When visiting the town in 1487, Henry VII fined several Lavenham families for displaying too much wealth. However, during the 16th century Lavenham’s industry was badly affected by Dutch refugees who settled in Colchester, who produced cloth that was cheaper and lighter than Lavenham’s, and also was more fashionable. Cheaper imports from Europe also aided the settlement’s decline, and by 1600 it had lost its reputation as a major trading town. This sudden and dramatic change to the town’s fortune is the principal reason that so many medieval and Tudor buildings remained unmodified in Lavenham, as subsequent generations of citizens did not have the wealth required to rebuild in the latest styles.
Like most of East Anglia, Lavenham was staunchly Parliamentarian throughout the Civil Wars of the 1640s. Most local landowners, such as Sir Nathaniel Barnardiston, Sir Philip Parker and Sir William Spring, were strong advocates of the Parliamentarian cause. There is no record of the town ever being directly involved in the conflict, although the townspeople did provide a troop of soldiers to aid in Parliament’s Siege of Colchester in 1648. A grammar school opened in the town in 1647. The settlement was struck by plague in 1666 and 1699. Small pox struck in 1712 and 1713, killing over one in six of Lavenham’s residents.
In the late 18th century, the village was home to poet Jane Taylor, and it may have been while living in Shilling Street that she wrote the poem The Star, from which the lyrics for the nursery rhyme Twinkle Twinkle Little Star are taken. Colchester and Ongar, both in Essex, also have claims to be the site of composition of the poem.
Like many East Anglian settlements, Lavenham was home to an airbase in the Second World War II – Air Force Station Lavenham, an American Air Force airfield. USAAF Station 137 was manned by the US Army Air Force 487th Bombardment Group between 1944 and 1945. The airfield, actually located a few miles away in Alpheton, has since been returned to arable farmland, though some evidence of its structures and buildings remains, including the control tower.
In the 1960s, a new area of council housing was built in the north of the village, centred on Spring Street, S
pring Close and Spring Lane. In 1980 the marijuana smuggler Howard Marks was arrested in the bar of the Swan Hotel.
John Lennon and Yoko Ono filmed their experimental film Apotheosis with a hot-air balloon in Lavenham’s Market Place in December 1969
2. Domesday Book – https://opendomesday.org/place/TL9149/lavenham/
[Three Land Owners]
a. Land of Frodo brother of Abbot (Baldwin) (Abby of Bury St Edmunds)
Households: 5 smallholders. 1 slave.
Ploughland: 2 lord’s plough teams. 2 men’s plough teams.
Other resources: Meadow 3 acres.
Livestock in 1066: 12 pigs. 40 sheep.
Livestock in 1086: 12 cattle. 4 pigs. 102 sheep. 2 other.
Annual value to lord: 4 pounds in 1086; 2 pounds in 1066.
Owners
Tenant-in-chief in 1086: Frodo brother of Abbot (Baldwin).
Lord in 1086: Frodo brother of Abbot (Baldwin).
Overlord in 1066: (Bury) St Edmunds, abbey of.
Lord in 1066: Alwy.
Other information: Phillimore reference: Suffolk 12,6
b. Land of Aubrey de Vere
Households: 7 villagers. 1 freeman. 43 smallholders. 6 slaves.
Ploughland: 4 lord’s plough teams. 9 men’s plough teams.
Other resources: Meadow 13 acres. Woodland 100 pigs. 1 mill.
Livestock in 1066: 24 cattle. 160 pigs. 200 sheep. 60 goats. 5 beehives. 5 horses at the hall.
Livestock in 1086: 25 cattle. 65 pigs. 200 sheep. 80 goats. 6 beehives. 1 other.
Annual value to lord: 15 pounds in 1086; 10 pounds when acquired by the 1086 owner; 10 pounds in 1066.
Owners
Tenant-in-chief in 1086: Aubrey de Vere.
Lord in 1086: Aubrey de Vere.
Overlord in 1066: King Edward.
Lord in 1066: Wulfwin (son of Alfwin).
Other information: Phillimore reference: Suffolk 35,1
c. Land of Aubrey de Vere
Households: 3 freemen.
Land and resources
Ploughland: 1 men’s plough teams.
Annual value to lord: 6 shillings in 1086; 6 shillings when acquired by the 1086 owner; 6 shillings in 1066.
Owners
Tenant-in-chief in 1086: Aubrey de Vere.
Lord in 1086: Aubrey de Vere.
Overlord in 1066: Wulfwin (son of Alfwin).
Lord in 1066: free men, three.
Other information: Phillimore reference: Suffolk 76,21
3. Charles Edward Banks, Topographical Dictionary of 2885 English Emigrants to New England 1620-1650,(Originally published, Philadelphia, 1937), Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, (fifth printing) 1976, page 157.
Banks listed the following emigrants from Lavenham Parish who immigrated to New England:
William Paine to Salem
Onge Family to Watertown
William Hammond to Watertown
Thomas Reade to Sudbury
John Fuller to Cambridge
Thomas Hammond to Hingham
Simon Ayers to Watertown
John Sales to Charlestown
Map showing location of Lavenham